Git and GitHub Complete Guide 2025: Master Version Control

Every developer needs to know Git. It's the standard version control system used by companies worldwide. Whether you work solo or in teams, Git is an essential skill.

What is Git?

Git is a distributed version control system that tracks changes in your code. It allows you to:

• Track every change in your codebase
• Collaborate with other developers
• Revert to previous versions
• Work on features without affecting main code

Essential Git Commands

Setup

• git init - Initialize a new repository
• git clone [url] - Clone an existing repository
• git config - Configure Git settings

Basic Workflow

• git status - Check current status
• git add . - Stage all changes
• git commit -m "message" - Commit changes
• git push - Push to remote
• git pull - Pull from remote

Branching

Branches let you work on features independently:

• git branch - List branches
• git branch [name] - Create new branch
• git checkout [branch] - Switch branches
• git checkout -b [name] - Create and switch
• git merge [branch] - Merge branch into current

GitHub Essentials

GitHub hosts your Git repositories online:

Key Features

• Repositories: Store your projects
• Pull Requests: Propose changes
• Issues: Track bugs and features
• Actions: Automate workflows
• Pages: Host static websites

Pull Request Workflow

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch
3. Make changes and commit
4. Push to your fork
5. Create a Pull Request
6. Address review feedback
7. Get merged!

Best Practices

• Commit often with clear messages
• Use branches for features
• Review code before merging
• Keep commits atomic (one change per commit)
• Write descriptive PR descriptions

Free Resources

• GitHub Learning Lab: Interactive tutorials
• Git-it: Desktop app tutorial
• Learn Git Branching: Visual practice
• Oh Shit, Git: Fix common mistakes

Git proficiency is expected for all developers. Start practicing today and make version control second nature!